Do You Have Food Allergies or Sensitivities? How to Tell & How They Impact ENT Health

Food reactions can affect more than just digestion—they can also impact your ears, nose, and throat (ENT). Many people experience symptoms like congestion, sinus pressure, ear pain, or throat irritation after eating certain foods, but understanding whether the cause is a food sensitivity or a true food allergy is key to managing symptoms effectively.

What Are Food Sensitivities?

Food sensitivities, also known as food intolerances, occur when the body struggles to digest certain foods, often due to enzyme deficiencies. Unlike allergies, they don’t trigger an immune response, but they can still cause uncomfortable symptoms, including:

• Nasal congestion or postnasal drip
• Sinus pressure or headaches
• Sore throat or irritation
• Stomach discomfort (bloating, nausea, diarrhea)

Common Food Sensitivities That Affect ENT Health:

• Dairy (Lactose Intolerance): Can lead to increased mucus production, postnasal drip, and sinus congestion.
• Histamine Sensitivity: Found in aged cheeses, wine, and processed meats, histamines can trigger sinus congestion and headaches.
• Gluten Sensitivity: May contribute to inflammation, sinus issues, and throat discomfort.

Since food sensitivities don’t involve the immune system, symptoms usually appear a few hours after consumption. Tracking your diet and symptoms can help identify triggers.

What Are Food Allergies?

Food allergies involve an immune system overreaction, where the body mistakenly identifies a food as harmful and releases histamines. These reactions can be severe and even life-threatening. ENT-related allergy symptoms may include:

• Swelling of the lips, throat, or tongue
• Difficulty breathing or swallowing
• Severe congestion or sinus inflammation
• Itchy or swollen throat
• Anaphylaxis (a life-threatening reaction that requires immediate medical attention)

Common Food Allergens That Can Affect ENT Health:

• Milk, eggs, and nuts: Can trigger swelling, throat tightness, and congestion.
• Shellfish and peanuts: Known for causing severe allergic reactions, including throat closure and breathing difficulties.
• Wheat and soy: Can lead to nasal congestion, sinus pressure, and inflammation.

Food allergy symptoms appear quickly, often within minutes to two hours of eating. An allergist can diagnose food allergies through skin prick or blood tests.

Food Sensitivities vs. Food Allergies: Key Differences

Food Sensitivities

Food Allergies

• Affects the digestive and respiratory systems

• Involves the immune system

• Symptoms develop gradually (hours after eating)

• Symptoms appear quickly (minutes to hours)

• Can cause nasal congestion, sinus pressure, and postnasal drip

• Can cause severe swelling, breathing difficulties, and throat closure

• Typically not life-threatening

• Can be life-threatening (anaphylaxis)

When to See an ENT Specialist

If you’re experiencing chronic sinus congestion, recurring sore throats, or persistent postnasal drip after eating, an ENT specialist can help determine if food sensitivities or allergies are contributing to your symptoms. Identifying triggers and finding the right treatment can improve your breathing, comfort, and overall quality of life.

‍Disclaimer: This content is for informational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the advice of your physician or a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition.